Ionamin online research references
Mayo Clin Proc. 2000 May;75(5):456-61.
Diet drug-related cardiac valve disease: the Mayo Clinic echocardiographic laboratory experience.
Teramae CY, Connolly HM, Grogan M, Miller FA Jr.
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of diet drug-related valvular disease among our referral population and the association of valvular disease with duration of exposure to fenfluramine and phentermine in combination and to dexfenfluramine alone. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective review of clinical and echocardiographic data, charts of patients referred for treatment of toxic effects of diet drugs were reviewed, and telephone interviews were conducted. RESULTS: Between June and December 1997, 191 patients (164 women, 27 men; mean age, 47 years) were referred for possible diet drug-related valvular disease. Twenty-eight (28%) of the 99 asymptomatic patients and 40 (43%) of the 92 symptomatic patients had abnormal echocardiographic findings. Valvular lesions among the 68 patients with abnormal echocardiographic findings included mild (or greater) aortic regurgitation in 55 patients (81%), moderate (or greater) mitral regurgitation in 12 (18%), and moderate (or greater) tricuspid regurgitation in 7 (10%). The Food and Drug Administration case definition of diet drug-related valvulopathy was noted in 31 % of this referral population. Of patients with valvulopathy, mean duration of therapy with fenfluramine and phentermine in combination and dexfenfluramine alone was 9 months and 5 months, respectively. Duration of therapy was not associated with presence or absence of disease. Five patients had surgical intervention for severe valvulopathy: 3 had mitral valve repair, 1 had mitral valve replacement, and 1 had aortic valve replacement. Pulmonary hypertension (>40 mm Hg) was found in 24 patients (13%), and 17 (71 %) had pulmonary hypertension in association with valvulopathy. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a 31% (60/191) prevalence of valvulopathy in patients with a history of diet drug exposure who were referred for echocardiographic evaluation. The most common finding was mild aortic regurgitation. Twenty-eight percent of asymptomatic patients had abnormal echocardiographic findings. This study emphasizes the spectrum of diet drug-related cardiac disease and the potential for valvulopathy in asymptomatic patients.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10807073&dopt=Abstract
kwd match ionamin online literature
Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Aug;22(4):418-22.
Simultaneous determination of fenfluramine and phentermine in urine using gas chromatography mass spectrometry with pentafluoropropionic anhydride derivatization.
Palmer RB, Kim NH, Dasgupta A.
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA.
Fenfluramine and phentermine ('fen-phen') are stimulants used primarily for weight loss that have a causative association with serious health problems. Though voluntarily removed from the market by their manufacturers and the FDA in September of 1997, both drugs occasionally reappear in the clinical and forensic setting from individuals who retained old prescriptions, transported the drugs from foreign countries, or 'stockpiled' the medications immediately before their removal from the market. The authors describe an analytical method for simultaneous detection of fenfluramine, phentermine, and the internal standard, N-propylamphetamine, in urine using pentafluoropropionic anhydride derivatization. Detection using and mass spectrometry is described. Baseline resolution of the analytes was achieved in the presence of four other common sympathomimetic amines. The increased molecular weights, better peak profiles, and characteristic fragments containing portions of both derivatizing agent and parent compound aid in the unambiguous identification of these analytes.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10942181&dopt=Abstract
kwd match ionamin online literature
basf-pharma.co.uk
The acute effects of systemic administration of the anti-obesity agent sibutramine on extracellular dopamine (DA) in the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats were studied using in vivo microdialysis and compared with the actions of phentermine and d-amphetamine at doses 1x and 3x their respective 2 h ED(50) values to reduce food intake in rats. At the lower dose, sibutramine did not elevate extracellular DA concentrations; however, at the higher dose (6.0 mg kg(-1), i.p.) it caused a modest and prolonged increase in extraneuronal DA. A maximal rise was observed at 60 min post-sibutramine treatment (+231% compared to controls) with DA levels remaining elevated for up to 160 min post treatment. In contrast, phentermine and d-amphetamine significantly enhanced DA efflux at both the lower and higher doses. These elevations of DA levels were significantly greater than that seen with the corresponding dose of sibutramine over 0-80 min post treatment. Maximal rises in DA levels resulting from the higher dose of each drug were +733% (phentermine, 3.9 mg kg(-1), i.p.) and +603% (d-amphetamine, 1.5 mg kg(-1), i.p.) compared to controls 40 min post treatment. The highest doses of phentermine and d-amphetamine increased rat locomotor activity up to 100 min and 160 min post treatment, respectively, whereas the equivalent sibutramine dose had no effect. These findings therefore suggest that dopaminergic reward mechanisms are not involved in the reduction of food intake by sibutramine. Furthermore, they are consistent with the view that sibutramine lacks abuse potential. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11018791&dopt=Abstract
kwd match ionamin online literature
Dream Pharmaceuticals Rx Online Bontril
Dream Pharmaceuticals Rx Online Celebrex
Dream Pharmaceuticals Rx Online Evista
DreamPharm: Herbal and Nutritional supplements online ||
Hair Million herbal formula for hair loss and hair growth ||
Dream Pharmaceuticals Rx: Prescription Drugs Online || Tramadol Online || Paxil Online || Buspar Online || Cialis Online || Antibiotics Online
Antibiotics and prescription medications online literature ||
E-Mail Us