Ionamin online research references
J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 2001 Nov 5;763(1-2):79-90.
Fluorometric determination of DL-fenfluramine, DL-norfenfluramine and phentermine in plasma by achiral and chiral high-performance liquid chromatography.
Kaddoumi A, Nakashima MN, Nakashima K.
Department of Analytical Research for Pharmacoinformatics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection has been developed for the simultaneous determination of sympathomimetic amines including ephedrine, norephedrine, 2-phenylethylamine, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylethylamine, phentermine (Phen) and DL-fenfluramine (Fen) in spiked human plasma. Furthermore, an enantioselective HPLC method for the separation of D-Fen (dexfenfluramine) and L-Fen (levofenfluramine) in addition to their active metabolites D- and L-norfenfluramine (Norf) is described. The detection was achieved at emission wavelength of 430 nm with excitation wavelength of 325 nm for both methods. The analytes were extracted from plasma (100 microl) at pH 10.6 with ethyl acetate using fluoxetine as the internal standard. The extracts were evaporated and derivatized with the fluorescence reagent 4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2-yl)benzoyl chloride in the presence of carbonate buffer (pH 9.0). A gradient separation was achieved on a C18 column for the achiral separation or on a Chiralcel OD-R column for the chiral separation. The methods were fully validated, and shown to have excellent linearity, sensitivity and precision. The chiral method has been applied for the determination of D- and L-enantiomers of Fen and Norf, in addition to Phen in rat plasma after an intraperitoneal administration of DL-Fen and Phen, simultaneously.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11710586&dopt=Abstract
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pds.path.jhu.edu
CONTEXT: Few published studies of the pathology of fenfluramine-phentermine (fen-phen) valvulopathy, described by Connolly and colleagues in 1997, have appeared. OBJECTIVES: To define temporal changes in the morphology of the stuck-on plaques and to determine whether the plaques progress or regress after cessation of fen-phen. METHODS: The available clinical information and pathology material from 35 aortic valves (AVs) and 43 mitral valves (MVs) from 64 patients were reviewed. RESULTS: The valves fell into 3 groups: 17 AVs and 28 MVs had fen-phen lesions only, 2 AVs and 7 MVs had fen-phen changes associated with other valve diseases, and 16 AVs and 8 MVs had no fen-phen changes. Fenfluramine-phentermine-attributable dysfunction was regurgitation in all instances. Typical plaques showed proliferation of myofibroblastic cells with myxoid stroma. Small vascular channels and slight lymphocytic accumulations were often present. Deeper parts of some plaques had dense fibroelastic tissue underlying typical plaque. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable individual variation in the time course of anorectic agent use and the severity of fen-phen valvulopathy was observed. Possible plaque regression could not be assessed from this study. The observations suggest that in some patients fen-phen-induced plaques may continue to have surface proliferation despite drug withdrawal.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11735689&dopt=Abstract
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Endocr Pract. 2001 Nov-Dec;7(6):443-7.
Herbal therapy for management of obesity: observations from a clinical endocrinology practice.
Sindler BH.
1314 Bedford Avenue, Suite 101, Baltimore, MD 21208, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of two herbal therapies for weight reduction. METHODS: A nonrandomized group of 128 patients seen in my office who had received one of two herbal treatments for obesity were retrospectively analyzed for their weight loss response. No control group was studied or analyzed in conjunction with these patients. All these patients had been unsuccessful losing weight with use of diet and exercise modalities alone. Of the 128 patients, 90 were treated with the herbal product BioLean, and 38 were treated with the combination of prescription phentermine and the herbal product Satiete. Both herbal products are manufactured under the highest standards of purity, consistency, and quality control, and both are listed in the Physicians' Desk Reference for Nonprescription Drugs and Dietary Supplements. RESULTS: The patients receiving BioLean were treated for a mean of 18.7 weeks and lost a mean of 0.73 lb/wk. The patients receiving phentermine and Satiete were treated for a mean of 12.4 weeks and lost a mean of 0.87 lb/wk. Overall, 79% of the BioLean-treated patients and 87% of the phentermine- and Satiete-treated patients lost a mean of at least 0.5 lb/wk. No significant adverse reactions to either treatment were noted. Comparable data from a matched control group were not available for further analysis of these results. CONCLUSION: Herbal products for weight reduction in motivated patients may be effective in helping to treat clinically significant obesity, which is an important public health problem in the United States. The consistency and safety of a bioavailable active herbal product for weight reduction, as well as its efficacy, remain important factors in the consideration of such therapy for weight reduction.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11747280&dopt=Abstract
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