Ionamin online research references
Vutr Boles. 1987;26(5):72-6.
[Complications in the cardiovascular system from neuroleptic treatment]
[Article in Bulgarian]
Petrov A.
The arterial pressure fell abruptly in 23.38% of 124 psychic patients during the first days of treatment with neuroleptics. About two weeks later it gradually rose to its initial values. The patients who do not feel well with the low arterial pressure need peripheral stimulants such as Effortil, Mephentermin, etc. Other complications of the neuroleptic therapy are the rhythm and conduction cardiac disorders (19.96% of the patients over 60 years of age showed rhythm and conduction disorders--polytopic and multiple extrasystoles, ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia, atrioventricular block III degree). These patients need active surveillance and emergency treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs. The modern treatment of psychic diseases with larger doses of neuroleptics requires regular clinical and ECC control, especially in older patients.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2893494&dopt=Abstract
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J Histochem Cytochem. 1989 Feb;37(2):139-47.
Cytochemical demonstration of increased phospholipid content in cell membranes in chlorphentermine-induced phospholipidosis.
Coulombe PA, Bendayan M.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
We recently introduced a novel cytochemical approach to high-resolution cytochemistry of phospholipids in biological tissues. The technique consists of adsorption of bee venom phospholipase A2 to colloidal gold particles (PLA2-gold complex) and subsequent application of this complex for localization of the enzyme substrate, i.e., glycerophospholipids. In the present study, this technique was applied at the post-embedding level, in both light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), to investigate drug-induced phospholipidosis, an experimental disorder in which the lysosomal catabolism of phospholipids is inhibited. Rats received one week of daily treatment (40 mg IP/kg) with chlorphentermine (CP), a cationic amphiphilic drug known to induce phospholipidosis in several tissues. Glutaraldehyde- and osmium-fixed lung and kidney tissues from both treated and control animals, were embedded in Epon and sections processed for labeling by PLA2-gold. In CP-treated specimens the presence of large osmiophilic inclusions in several cell types of lung parenchyma and kidney cortex confirmed the onset of phospholipidosis. These inclusions were densely labeled by PLA2-gold at both LM and TEM levels. Two general types of abnormal inclusions were distinguished on the basis of their ultrastructure and labeling pattern by PLA2-gold, suggesting different content or configuration of phospholipids. Moreover, quantitative evaluation of labeling density over various membrane compartments in lung alveolar cells evidenced significantly increased phospholipid content after CP treatment. In type II pneumocytes, such increases were measured in membranes of the RER, Golgi complex, outer and inner nuclear envelope, and the basolateral and apical domains of the plasma membrane. In capillary endothelial cells, the basal and luminal domains of the plasma membrane also showed an increase in labeling density. These results further demonstrate the potential usefulness of the PLA2-gold technique for in situ ultrastructural localization of phospholipids in normal and pathological tissues.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2911004&dopt=Abstract
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Biochemistry. 1985 Jul 16;24(15):4155-61.
Role of superoxide in the N-oxidation of N-(2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propyl)hydroxylamine by the rat liver cytochrome P-450 system.
Duncan JD, Di Stefano EW, Miwa GT, Cho AK.
The N-oxidation of N-(2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propyl)hydroxylamine (N-hydroxyphentermine, MPPNHOH) and the N-hydroxylation of 2-methyl-1-phenyl-2-propylamine (phentermine) by reconstituted systems that contained cytochromes P-450 purified from rat liver microsomes were demonstrated. The oxidation of MPPNHOH, but not of phentermine, could also be mediated by a superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generating system that contained xanthine and xanthine oxidase. Superoxide dismutase completely inhibited the oxidation of MPPNHOH by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system and inhibited by 70% the oxidation mediated by a reconstituted cytochrome P-450 oxidase system. The majority of the microsomal oxidation was inhibited by an antibody raised against the major isozyme of cytochrome P-450 purified from livers of phenobarbital-pretreated rats. 2-Methyl-2-nitroso-1-phenylpropane (MPPNO) was found to be an intermediate in the overall oxidation of MPPNHOH to 2-methyl-2-nitro-1-phenylpropane (MPPNO2). Superoxide dismutase appeared to inhibit the first step, the conversion of MPPNHOH to MPPNO. These observations are accounted for by a sequence of two mechanistically distinct P-450-mediated oxidations. In the first reaction, N-hydroxylation of phentermine occurs by a normal cytochrome P-450 pathway. The formed hydroxylamine then uncouples the cytochrome P-450 system to generate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. The superoxide oxidizes MPPNHOH to MPPNO which is then oxidized to MPPNO2, the ultimate product. This superoxide-mediated oxidation represents another pathway for N-oxidation by cytochrome P-450.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2996591&dopt=Abstract
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