Ionamin online research references
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1982;39(1):59-73.
Generalized lipidosis in newborn rats and Guinea pigs induced during prenatal development by administration of amphiphilic drugs to pregnant animals.
Lullmann-Rauch R, Stoermer B.
Pregnant rats and guinea pigs were treated throughout the second half of gestation with amphiphilic drugs (chlorphentermine, chlorcyclizine, chloroquine) known to induce generalized lipidosis. The offspring were sacrificed immediately after birth, and several tissues (lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, spinal cord, hypothalamus) were examined by electron microscopy. Generalized lipidosis was found in the offspring of both species, albeit of lesser degree than in the mothers. The results show that fetal and adult tissues respond to lipidosis-inducing drugs in a qualitatively similar way; the quantitative differences found may be related to pharmacokinetic and cellular factors.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6123182&dopt=Abstract
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Drug Metab Dispos. 1982 Jan-Feb;10(1):68-73.
Effect of chlorphentermine pretreatment on chlorphentermine uptake by isolated perfused rat lung.
Angevine LS, Ohmiya Y, Mehendale HM.
Chlorphentermine (CP), an anorectic agent currently in use, is known to be highly accumulated in the lung, causes pulmonary phospholipidosis, and has been suspected of causing pulmonary hypertension. These studies were undertaken to characterize the uptake and accumulation processes and to examine the effect of subacute CP treatment on the uptake kinetics of CP in the rat lung. Animals were treated po with a saline solution of CP (50 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and the controls received the vehicle only. Artificially ventilated isolated rat lung preparations were perfused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing bovine serum albumin. CP was not metabolized by control or pretreated perfused lungs or by their 9000g supernatant or microsomal fractions. In recirculating perfusion experiments, steady-state uptake was reached after 20 min of perfusion with 0.17 mM CP. Lungs from rats treated with CP as described above accumulated CP to a greater extent and more rapidly than did lungs from control rats. Similarly, lungs from rats treated with CP accumulated significantly greater quantities of CP than control lungs during single-pass perfusion experiments. Whereas control lungs reached a steady state uptake within 7 min, lungs from CP treated animals failed to reach a steady-state uptake during a 10-min perfusion. The lungs from CP-treated rats retained most of the accumulated CP and exhibited a significantly increased half life of efflux in comparison to control rats. Removal of Na+ from the perfusion medium or the addition of harmaline significantly decreased the half-life of CP uptake and the amount of CP accumulated by the lung.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6124387&dopt=Abstract
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Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1983;43(3):309-16.
Renal lysosomal protein digestion in experimental lipidosis.
Christensen EI, Maunsbach AB, Lullmann-Rauch R.
The present study was undertaken to clarify whether or not chlorphentermine-induced lipidosis in the proximal tubules of the rat kidney interferes with lysosomal degradation of an absorbed exogenous protein. 125I-lysozyme was injected in vivo; its degradation was measured in vitro using slices from renal cortex. The subcellular distribution of the protein was examined by electron microscope autoradiography. Lysosomes structurally altered by the lipidosis were able to accumulate the protein, although to a smaller extent than normal-appearing lysosomes present in the same cells; the label persisted longer in the altered than in the normal-appearing lysosomes. Protein degradation was significantly decreased in renal cortical slices from chlorphentermine-treated rats compared with controls. The results indicate that experimentally-induced lipidosis is associated with decreased proteolytic efficiency of the lysosomes in proximal tubules.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6137902&dopt=Abstract
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