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Ginecol Obstet Mex. 2000 Aug;68:349-52.
[Prenatal diagnosis of fetal ovarian cyst, postnatal spontaneous remission]
[Article in Spanish]
Rodriguez-Garcia R, Lomeli-Rodriguez M, Rodriguez-Guzman L.
Servicio de Pediatria, Hospital General de Zona No. 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Minatitlan, Veracruz, Mexico.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal ovarian cyst, spontaneously resolved in the postnatal period. INTRODUCTION: Fetal ovarian cysts are an unusual entity, which is generally discovered during an ultrasonographic fetal examination. The objective of this report is to present a clinical case of a female fetus with an ovarian cysts which was diagnose by an ultrasound (US) at 36.5 week gestation which was spontaneously resolved in the postnatal period. CLINICAL CASE: A 22 year old woman to whom an US was performed to evaluate the gestational age due to the fact that she was to be programmed for a cesarean due to vulvovaginal condyloma. The US reported a 36.5 week gestation, the fetus was female and a cyst of 50 x 44 mm diameter was found in the fetal pelvis, lateral to the bladder. The child was born two weeks later by cesarean section and without complications. The control pelvic US at one month of age showed that the cysts was 54 x 45 mm in diameter. It was decided and wait to see what would happen. At five months of age the pelvic US showed the absence of the cyst. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of the fetal ovarian cysts was based on three ultrasonographic criteria: 1. presence of a cystic structure of regular size which is located in the lower and lateral side of the abdomen, 2. integrity of urinary and gastrointestinal tracts, and 3. female sex of the fetus. The treatment depends on the size of the cyst and the ultrasonographic images of torsion and hemorrhage.
Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11055110&dopt=Abstract hemorrhage
Vet Pathol. 2000 Sep;37(5):483-5.
Marginal siderosis and degenerative myelopathy: a manifestation of chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage in a horse with a myxopapillary ependymoma.
Huxtable CR, de Lahunta A, Summers BA, Divers T.
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Marginal siderosis is recognized in humans as an uncommon clinicopathologic entity characterized by degeneration of neural tissue at the surface of the brain and spinal cord, in association with the accumulation of hemosiderin, and resulting from chronic subarachnoid hemorrhage. The sources of hemorrhage are various and include neoplasms, malformations, cysts, and vasculopathy. Marginal siderosis of the spinal cord due to a myxopapillary ependymoma was diagnosed in a 19-year-old Dutch Warm Blood horse with clinical signs of myelopathy. There is only one previous report of marginal siderosis in the veterinary literature, also in a horse with clinical myelopathy.
Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11055876&dopt=Abstract hemorrhage
Circ Res. 2000 Oct 27;87(9):818-24.
Gene transfer of calcitonin gene-related peptide prevents vasoconstriction after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Toyoda K, Faraci FM, Watanabe Y, Ueda T, Andresen JJ, Chu Y, Otake S, Heistad DD.
We sought to determine whether adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in vivo of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a potent vasodilator, ameliorates cerebral vasoconstriction after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Arterial blood was injected into the cisterna magna of rabbits to mimic SAH 5 days after injection of AdRSVCGRP (8x10(8) pfu), AdRSVbetagal (control virus), or vehicle. After injection of AdRSVCGRP, there was a 400-fold increase in CGRP in cerebrospinal fluid. Contraction of the basilar artery to serotonin in vitro was greater in rabbits after SAH than after injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (P<0.001). Contraction to serotonin was less in rabbits with SAH after AdRSVCGRP than after AdRSVbetagal or vehicle (P:<0.02). Basal diameter of the basilar artery before SAH (measured with digital subtraction angiogram) was 13% greater in rabbits treated with AdRSVCGRP than in rabbits treated with vehicle or AdRSVbetagal (P:<0.005). In rabbits treated with vehicle or AdRSVbetagal, arterial diameter after SAH was 25+/-3% smaller than before SAH (P<0.0005). In rabbits treated with AdRSVCGRP, arterial diameter was similar before and after SAH and was reduced by 19+/-3% (P<0.01) after intracisternal injection of CGRP-(8-37) (0.5 nmol/kg), a CGRP(1) receptor antagonist. To determine whether gene transfer of CGRP after SAH may prevent cerebral vasoconstriction, we constructed a virus with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, which results in rapid expression of the transgene product. Treatment of rabbits with AdCMVCGRP after experimental SAH prevented constriction of the basilar artery 2 days after SAH. Thus, gene transfer of CGRP prevents cerebral vasoconstriction in vivo after experimental SAH.
Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11055987&dopt=Abstract hemorrhage
Brain Res. 2000 Nov 3;882(1-2):19-25.
Plasminogen activation in experimental permanent focal cerebral ischemia.
Pfefferkorn T, Wiessner C, Allegrini PR, Staufer B, Vosko MR, Liebetrau M, Bueltemeier G, Kloss CU, Hamann GF.
Department of Neurology, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
BACKGROUND: Previous experimental work using in situ zymography has shown very early increased plasminogen activation in ischemic regions after 3 h of ischemia with and without reperfusion. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the time course and extent of plasminogen activation in long-term permanent focal cerebral ischemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The middle cerebral artery in male Fisher rats was irreversibly occluded by electrocoagulation. Duration of ischemia was 48, 72, and 168 h. Occlusion was controlled in vivo by MRI at day 2. Plasminogen activation was detected by in situ zymography of 10 microm cryosections with an overlay containing plasminogen and the plasmin substrate caseine. Areas of plasminogen activation were compared to structural lesions (immunohistochemical loss of microtubule-associated protein 2; MAP 2). RESULTS: Compared to controls, increased plasminogen activation was observed in the basal ganglia and the cortex of the ischemic hemisphere after 48, 72, and 168 h (affected area of basal ganglia: 44.5+/-21.9, 70.1+/-2.3 and 66.6+/-2.8%, respectively; affected area of cortex: 63.4+/-9.8, 67.7+/-0.7 and 64.0+/-3.7%, respectively). The duration of ischemia had no significant influence on the extent of plasminogen activation. Areas of increased plasminogen activation significantly overlapped with and exceeded areas of MAP 2 loss (P<0.005). DISCUSSION: Permanent focal cerebral ischemia leads to increased plasminogen activation in ischemic regions. This plasminogen activation remains elevated at persistent levels over days. It may contribute to extracellular matrix (ECM) disruption, secondary hemorrhage, and brain edema in subacute stages of ischemic stroke.
Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11056180&dopt=Abstract hemorrhage
JAMA. 2000 Nov 1;284(17):2222-4.
Safety of lumbar puncture for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and thrombocytopenia.
Howard SC, Gajjar A, Ribeiro RC, Rivera GK, Rubnitz JE, Sandlund JT, Harrison PL, de Armendi A, Dahl GV, Pui CH.
Department of Hematology-Oncology, ALSAC Bldg, Room C6005, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N Lauderdale St, Memphis, TN 38105-2794, USA. scott.howartjude.org
CONTEXT: Patients with thrombocytopenia are at risk for spontaneous or procedure-related hemorrhage. Whether such patients can safely undergo lumbar puncture (LP) without prophylactic platelet transfusion is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an association exists between thrombocytopenia and LP complications among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Retrospective review of the records of 958 consecutive children (median age, 5.5 years) with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia who were treated at a pediatric cancer center between February 1984 and July 1998. INTERVENTIONS: All patients underwent a diagnostic LP followed by a median of 4 LPs to instill intrathecal chemotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Serious complications of LP occurring during the remission induction and consolidation treatment periods (when thrombocytopenia is likely to occur), defined as any neurologic, infectious, or hemorrhagic problems related to the procedure, reported by platelet count at the time of the procedure. RESULTS: Of the 5223 LPs evaluated, 29 were performed at platelet counts of 10 x 10(9)/L or less, 170 at platelet counts of 11 to 20 x 10(9)/L, and 742 at platelet counts of 21 to 50 x 10(9)/L. No serious complications were encountered, regardless of the platelet count. The 95% confidence interval for the proportion of serious complications in the 199 patients with platelet counts of 20 x 10(9)/L or less was 0% to 1.75% and that for the 941 patients with platelet counts of 50 x 10(9)/L or less was 0% to 0.37%. CONCLUSIONS: In our study of children undergoing remission induction or consolidation therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, serious complications of LP were not observed, regardless of platelet count. Prophylactic platelet transfusion is not necessary in children with platelet counts higher than 10 x 10(9)/L. Due to the small number of patients in our study with platelet counts of 10 x 10(9)/L or less, conclusions cannot yet be drawn for such patients. JAMA. 2000;284:2222-2224.
Online source: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11056594&dopt=Abstract hemorrhage
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How long can hair grow before it stops growing eventually if it does?
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